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Sociedades
bilaterales y regionales En esta comunicación, el gobierno de los Estados Unidos pasa revista a cinco programas internacionales dentro de su política contra el cambio climático.
Fact Sheet Bilateral and Regional Partnerships
"I am today committing
the United States of America to work within the United Nations
framework and elsewhere to develop with our friends and allies
and nations throughout the world an effective and science-based
response to the issue of global warming." —
President George W. Bush President Bush’s climate change policy recognizes
that efforts by Americans and other nations to address climate
change will only be sustainable if they also serve a larger purpose
of fostering prosperity and well being for citizens around the
globe. The United States approach to climate change has three
basic components designed to address both the near-term and long-term
aspects of climate change: (1) slowing the growth of GHG emissions;
(2) laying important groundwork for both current and future action
through major investments in science, technology, and institutions;
and (3) international cooperation with other nations to develop
an efficient and effective global response. This strategy builds
on President George W. Bush’s June 2001 commitment to develop
with friends and allies and nations throughout the world an effective
and science-based response to the issue of global warming. Today
the United States is working with many nations from around the
world to address climate change. Since June 2001, the United States
has established bilateral climate partnerships with 14 countries
and regional organizations that, together with the United States,
account for almost 80% of global greenhouse gas emissions. Partnerships
have been developed with Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, Central
America (Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras,
Nicaragua, and Panama), European Union, India, Italy, Japan, Mexico,
New Zealand, Republic of Korea, Russian Federation, and South
Africa, and now encompass well over 200 individual activities.
Successful joint projects have been initiated in areas such as
climate change research and science, climate observation systems,
clean and advanced energy technologies, carbon capture, storage
and sequestration and policy approaches to reducing greenhouse
gas emissions. The United States also continues to assist
developing countries in efforts to build the scientific and technological
capacity needed to address climate change in a manner that is
in keeping with their aspirations to achieve sustainable development. Australia/New
Zealand: Improved Climate Monitoring Systems for the Pacific
— The United States is cooperating closely with Australia
and New Zealand and other key partners in the Pacific Islands
Region, to support the establishment and maintenance of a robust
and sustainable Pacific climate monitoring and climate data management
system. This cooperative effort is consistent with the development
of a more comprehensive Pacific Climate Information System to
meet the long-term climate monitoring needs of the region, and
will ensure that all identified Global Climate Observing System
stations in the region are sustained and operated in accordance
with best practice. China:
Economic and Environmental Modeling in China — The United
States works with a number of developing country partners to enhance
in-country capacity to build and use reliable economic and environmental
models as well as to contribute to the global exchange of technical
information. The United States and China are engaged in ongoing
cooperation on economic modeling, including analytic support,
training and capacity building, and support for model adaptation
and development, and have held joint economic modeling workshops
annually for the past four years. The most recent workshop was
held in Beijing in May 2004 and included a policy-makers session.
India:
Integrated Environmental Strategies (IES) — The United
States assists a number of developing countries in evaluating
clean energy options that can offer both local and global environmental
benefits. In India, a team of IES experts analyzed clean energy
options in Hyderabad and determined that a combination of transportation
options, including improved bus service and traffic flow, showed
the greatest potential for improved air quality and impact on
public health as well as reduced GHG emissions. Working together
with the Indian government, two IES educational outreach campaigns
were subsequently launched in India. Italy:
Climate Science and Technology Partnership — The United
States and Italy are working together to help the international
community gain a better understanding of the global climate system.
Italian and American scientists are substantially advancing our
knowledge of atmospheric processes, including through a joint
effort on the reconstruction of historic climate in the Mediterranean
region while engineers and entrepreneurs are developing and bringing
to market the clean energy technologies that are vital to powering
the global economy and protecting the natural environment, through,
for example, development of new vehicle fuel cells and hydrogen
technologies. Japan: Clean Energy Science and Technology
Cooperation — The United States and Japan have one of
the largest and most active clean energy science and technology
cooperation programs in the world. Japanese and U.S. scientists
and engineers work together, via public-private partnerships,
to advance a broad portfolio of energy technologies. For example,
Japan and the United States have cooperated in the development
of high temperature superconductivity (HTS) technologies, advancement
of the fourth generation of nuclear energy technologies, and fostering
of an Asian Climate and Energy Dialogue.
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